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Asynchronous Updating



  • Since the Hopfield network is recurrent the order in which units are updated can have a significant affect on processing.
  • There are two main methods.
    • synchronously, updating all units simultaneously at each timestep (c.f. chapter two) or
    • asynchronously, updating units one at a time in a random order.
  • Asynchronous update is useful in symmetry breaking.